This Module provides an introduction to the topic of aviation safety and aviation security and an overview of how these concepts impacts on organisations and cultures. The importance of understanding what is meant by safety and a systems approach to safety management is considered from a perspective of those working in the aviation industry. The aviation industry is composed of a series of overlapping operational areas that safety and security personnel must protect. Aviation is an effective and efficient mode of transportation affecting the whole world. As such, aviation is a target that both terrorists and criminals highly desire. Therefore, each operational area must be protected accordingly as to prevent any terrorist or criminal behaviour.